Beschreibung

getopt(string $short_options, array $long_options = [], int &$rest_index = null): array|false

Parses options passed to the script.

Parameter-Liste

short_options: Each character in this string will be used as option characters and matched against options passed to the script starting with a single hyphen (-). For example, an option string "x" recognizes an option -x. Only a-z, A-Z and 0-9 are allowed.
long_options: An array of options. Each element in this array will be used as option strings and matched against options passed to the script starting with two hyphens (--). For example, an longopts element "opt" recognizes an option --opt.
rest_index: If the rest_index parameter is present, then the index where argument parsing stopped will be written to this variable.

The short_options parameter may contain the following elements:

Individual characters (do not accept values)
Characters followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
Characters followed by two colons (optional value)

Option values are the first argument after the string. If a value is required, it does not matter whether the value has leading white space or not. See note.

Hinweis: Optional values do not accept " " (space) as a separator.

The long_options array values may contain:

String (parameter does not accept any value)
String followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
String followed by two colons (optional value)

Hinweis:
The format for the short_options and long_options is almost the same, the only difference is that long_options takes an array of options (where each element is the option) whereas short_options takes a string (where each character is the option).

Rückgabewerte

This function will return an array of option / argument pairs, Bei einem Fehler wird false zurückgegeben..

Hinweis:
The parsing of options will end at the first non-option found, anything that follows is discarded.

Changelog

Version Beschreibung

7.1.0 Added the rest_index parameter.

Version	Beschreibung
7.1.0	Added the `rest_index` parameter.

Beispiele

Beispiel #1 getopt() example: The basics

<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("f:hp:");
var_dump($options);
?>

shell> php example.php -fvalue -h

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

array(2) {
  ["f"]=>
  string(5) "value"
  ["h"]=>
  bool(false)
}

Beispiel #2 getopt() example: Introducing long options

<?php
// Script example.php
$shortopts  = "";
$shortopts .= "f:";  // Required value
$shortopts .= "v::"; // Optional value
$shortopts .= "abc"; // These options do not accept values

$longopts  = array(
    "required:",     // Required value
    "optional::",    // Optional value
    "option",        // No value
    "opt",           // No value
);
$options = getopt($shortopts, $longopts);
var_dump($options);
?>

shell> php example.php -f "value for f" -v -a --required value --optional="optional value" --option

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

array(6) {
  ["f"]=>
  string(11) "value for f"
  ["v"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["a"]=>
  bool(false)
  ["required"]=>
  string(5) "value"
  ["optional"]=>
  string(14) "optional value"
  ["option"]=>
  bool(false)
}

Beispiel #3 getopt() example: Passing multiple options as one

<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("abc");
var_dump($options);
?>

shell> php example.php -aaac

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

array(2) {
  ["a"]=>
  array(3) {
    [0]=>
    bool(false)
    [1]=>
    bool(false)
    [2]=>
    bool(false)
  }
  ["c"]=>
  bool(false)
}

Beispiel #4 getopt() example: Using rest_index

<?php
// Script example.php
$rest_index = null;
$opts = getopt('a:b:', [], $rest_index);
$pos_args = array_slice($argv, $rest_index);
var_dump($pos_args);

shell> php example.php -a 1 -b 2 -- test

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

array(1) {
  [0]=>
  string(4) "test"
}

Siehe auch

$argv