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<div id="function.trim" class="refentry">
 <div class="refnamediv">
  <h1 class="refname">trim</h1>
  <p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">trim</span> &mdash; <span class="dc-title">Entfernt Whitespaces (oder andere Zeichen) am Anfang und Ende eines Strings</span></p>

 </div>

 <div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.trim-description">
  <h3 class="title">Beschreibung</h3>
  <div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
   <span class="methodname"><strong>trim</strong></span>(<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span> <code class="parameter">$string</code></span>, <span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span> <code class="parameter">$characters</code><span class="initializer"> = &quot; \n\r\t\v\x00&quot;</span></span>): <span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span></div>

  <p class="simpara">
   Die Funktion entfernt Whitespaces am Anfang und Ende von
   <code class="parameter">string</code> und gibt den String dann zurück. Ohne
   Verwendung des zweiten Parameters entfernt <span class="function"><strong>trim()</strong></span>
   folgende Zeichen:
  </p>
  
 <ul class="itemizedlist">
    <li class="listitem">
     <span class="simpara">
      <code class="literal">&quot; &quot;</code>: das <abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr>-Zeichen <abbr>SP</abbr>
      <code class="literal">0x20</code>, ein gewöhliches Leerzeichen.
     </span>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <span class="simpara">
      <code class="literal">&quot;\t&quot;</code>: das <abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr>-Zeichen <abbr>HT</abbr>
      <code class="literal">0x09</code>, ein Tabulatorzeichen.
     </span>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <span class="simpara">
      <code class="literal">&quot;\n&quot;</code>: das <abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr>-Zeichen <abbr>LF</abbr>
      <code class="literal">0x0A</code>, eine neue Zeile (Zeilenvorschub, Line Feed).
     </span>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <span class="simpara">
      <code class="literal">&quot;\r&quot;</code>: das <abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr>-Zeichen <abbr>CR</abbr>
      <code class="literal">0x0D</code>, ein Wagenrücklauf (Carriage Return)
     </span>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <span class="simpara">
      <code class="literal">&quot;\0&quot;</code>: das <abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr>-Zeichen <abbr>NUL</abbr>
      <code class="literal">0x00</code>, das NUL-Byte.
     </span>
    </li>
    <li class="listitem">
     <span class="simpara">
      <code class="literal">&quot;\v&quot;</code>: das <abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr>-Zeichen <abbr>VT</abbr>
      <code class="literal">0x0B</code>, ein vertikales Tabulatorzeichen.
     </span>
    </li>
   </ul>

 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.trim-parameters">
  <h3 class="title">Parameter-Liste</h3>
  <dl>
   
    <dt><code class="parameter">string</code></dt>
    <dd>
     <p class="para">
      Die zu trimmende Zeichenkette vom Typ <span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span>.
     </p>
    </dd>
   
   
    <dt><code class="parameter">characters</code></dt>
    <dd>
     
 <span class="simpara">
  Optional können die zu entfernenden Zeichen auch mit dem Parameter
  <code class="parameter">characters</code> angegeben werden.
  Dazu werden einfach alle Zeichen aufgelistet, die entfernt werden sollen.
  Mit <code class="literal">..</code> kann ein aufsteigender Bereich von Zeichen angegeben werden.
 </span>

    </dd>
   
  </dl>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.trim-returnvalues">
  <h3 class="title">Rückgabewerte</h3>
  <p class="simpara">
   Der gekürzte String.
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.trim-examples">
  <h3 class="title">Beispiele</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-1">
    <p><strong>Beispiel #1 Beispiel zur Verwendung von <span class="function"><strong>trim()</strong></span></strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /><br />$text </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\t\tDieser Text besteht aus mehreren Wörtern :) ...  "</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$binary </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\x09Beispielhafter String\x0A"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$hello  </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Hallo Welt"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$text</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$binary</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$hello</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br />print </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trim</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$text</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trim</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$text</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">" \t."</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trim</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$hello</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Htla"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trim</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$hello</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'HtWr'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$trimmed</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Trimmen der ASCII-Steuerzeichen an Anfang und Ende von $binary<br />// (inklusive der Zeichen von ASCII 0 bis 31)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$clean </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trim</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$binary</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\x00..\x1F"</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$clean</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

    <div class="example-contents"><p>Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:</p></div>
    <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive examplescode"><pre class="examplescode">string(51) &quot;  Dieser Text besteht aus mehreren Wörtern :) ...  &quot;
string(23) &quot; Beispielhafter String
&quot;
string(10) &quot;Hallo Welt&quot;

string(47) &quot;Dieser Text besteht aus mehreren Wörtern :) ...&quot;
string(43) &quot;Dieser Text besteht aus mehreren Wörtern :)&quot;
string(4) &quot;o We&quot;
string(8) &quot;allo Wel&quot;
string(21) &quot;Beispeilhafter String&quot;</pre>
</div>
    </div>
   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-2">
    <p><strong>Beispiel #2 Trimmen von Array-Werten mittels <span class="function"><strong>trim()</strong></span></strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trim_value</span><span style="color: #007700">(&amp;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$value</span><span style="color: #007700">)<br />{<br />    </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$value </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trim</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$value</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruechte </span><span style="color: #007700">= array(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Apfel'</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Banane '</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">' Preiselbeere '</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruechte</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">array_walk</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruechte</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'trim_value'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fruechte</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

    <div class="example-contents"><p>Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:</p></div>
    <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive examplescode"><pre class="examplescode">array(3) {
  [0]=&gt;
  string(5) &quot;Apfel&quot;
  [1]=&gt;
  string(7) &quot;Banane &quot;
  [2]=&gt;
  string(11) &quot; Preiselbeere &quot;
}
array(3) {
  [0]=&gt;
  string(5) &quot;Apfel&quot;
  [1]=&gt;
  string(6) &quot;Banane&quot;
  [2]=&gt;
  string(9) &quot;Preiselbeere&quot;
}</pre>
</div>
    </div>
   </div>
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.trim-notes">
  <h3 class="title">Anmerkungen</h3>
  <blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Hinweis</strong>: 
   <strong>Mögliche Überraschungen: Entfernung mittlerer Zeichen</strong><br />
   <p class="para">
    Weil <span class="function"><strong>trim()</strong></span> Zeichen vom Anfang und Ende einer
    Zeichenkette (<span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span>) entfernt, kann es verwirrend sein, wenn
    Zeichen aus der Mitte gelöscht (oder nicht) werden. <code class="literal">trim(&#039;abc&#039;,
    &#039;bad&#039;)</code> entfernt &#039;a&#039; und &#039;b&#039;, weil es &#039;a&#039; entfernt, verschiebt
    daher &#039;b&#039; an den Anfang um ebenfalls entfernt zu werden. Daher
    &quot;funktioniert&quot; es, <code class="literal">trim(&#039;abc&#039;, &#039;b&#039;)</code> dagegen scheinbar
    nicht.
   </p>
  </p></blockquote>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.trim-seealso">
  <h3 class="title">Siehe auch</h3>
  <ul class="simplelist">
   <li><span class="function"><a href="function.ltrim.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">ltrim()</a> - Entfernt Leerraum (oder andere Zeichen) vom Anfang eines Strings</span></li>
   <li><span class="function"><a href="function.rtrim.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">rtrim()</a> - Entfernt Leerraum (oder andere Zeichen) vom Ende eines Strings</span></li>
   <li><span class="function"><a href="function.str-replace.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">str_replace()</a> - Ersetzt alle Vorkommen des Suchstrings durch einen anderen String</span></li>
  </ul>
 </div>

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