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pg_query

(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

pg_query — Execute a query

Description

pg_query(PgSql\Connection $connection = ?, string $query): PgSql\Result|false

pg_query() executes the query on the specified database connection. pg_query_params() should be preferred in most cases.

If an error occurs, and false is returned, details of the error can be retrieved using the pg_last_error() function if the connection is valid.

Note: Although connection can be omitted, it is not recommended, since it can be the cause of hard to find bugs in scripts.

Note:

This function used to be called pg_exec(). pg_exec() is still available for compatibility reasons, but users are encouraged to use the newer name.

Parameters

connection

An PgSql\Connection instance. When connection is unspecified, the default connection is used. The default connection is the last connection made by pg_connect() or pg_pconnect().

Warning

As of PHP 8.1.0, using the default connection is deprecated.

query

The SQL statement or statements to be executed. When multiple statements are passed to the function, they are automatically executed as one transaction, unless there are explicit BEGIN/COMMIT commands included in the query string. However, using multiple transactions in one function call is not recommended.

Warning

String interpolation of user-supplied data is extremely dangerous and is likely to lead to SQL injection vulnerabilities. In most cases pg_query_params() should be preferred, passing user-supplied values as parameters rather than substituting them into the query string.

Any user-supplied data substituted directly into a query string should be properly escaped.

Return Values

An PgSql\Result instance on success, or false on failure.

Changelog

Version Description
8.1.0 Returns an PgSql\Result instance now; previously, a resource was returned.
8.1.0 The connection parameter expects an PgSql\Connection instance now; previously, a resource was expected.

Examples

Example #1 pg_query() example

<?php

$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=publisher");
if (!$conn) {
echo "An error occurred.\n";
exit;
}

$result = pg_query($conn, "SELECT author, email FROM authors");
if (!$result) {
echo "An error occurred.\n";
exit;
}

while ($row = pg_fetch_row($result)) {
echo "Author: $row[0] E-mail: $row[1]";
echo "<br />\n";
}

?>

Example #2 Using pg_query() with multiple statements

<?php

$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=publisher");

// these statements will be executed as one transaction

$query = "UPDATE authors SET author=UPPER(author) WHERE id=1;";
$query .= "UPDATE authors SET author=LOWER(author) WHERE id=2;";
$query .= "UPDATE authors SET author=NULL WHERE id=3;";

pg_query($conn, $query);

?>

See Also