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<div id="function.preg-match" class="refentry">
 <div class="refnamediv">
  <h1 class="refname">preg_match</h1>
  <p class="verinfo">(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">preg_match</span> &mdash; <span class="dc-title">Effectue une recherche de correspondance avec une expression rationnelle standard</span></p>

 </div>

 <div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-description">
  <h3 class="title">Description</h3>
  <div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
   <span class="methodname"><strong>preg_match</strong></span>(<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span> <code class="parameter">$pattern</code></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span> <code class="parameter">$subject</code></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.array.php" class="type array">array</a></span> <code class="parameter reference">&$matches</code><span class="initializer"> = <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.null">null</a></code></strong></span></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.php" class="type int">int</a></span> <code class="parameter">$flags</code><span class="initializer"> = 0</span></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.php" class="type int">int</a></span> <code class="parameter">$offset</code><span class="initializer"> = 0</span></span><br>): <span class="type"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.php" class="type int">int</a></span>|<span class="type"><a href="language.types.singleton.php" class="type false">false</a></span></span></div>

  <p class="para rdfs-comment">
   Analyse <code class="parameter">subject</code> pour trouver l&#039;expression qui
   correspond à <code class="parameter">pattern</code>.
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-parameters">
  <h3 class="title">Liste de paramètres</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <dl>
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">pattern</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">
       Le masque à chercher, sous la forme d&#039;une <a href="language.types.string.php" class="link">chaîne de caractères</a>.
      </p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">subject</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">
       La chaîne d&#039;entrée.
      </p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">matches</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">
       Si <code class="parameter">matches</code> est fourni, il sera rempli par
       les résultats de la recherche. <var class="varname">$matches[0]</var> contiendra le
       texte qui satisfait le masque complet, <var class="varname">$matches[1]</var> contiendra
       le texte qui satisfait la première parenthèse capturante,
       etc.
      </p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">flags</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">
       Le paramètre <code class="parameter">flags</code> peut être une combinaison des drapeaux suivants :
       <dl>
        
         <dt><strong><code><a href="pcre.constants.php#constant.preg-offset-capture">PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE</a></code></strong></dt>
         <dd>
          <p class="para">
           Si cette option est activée, toutes les sous-chaînes qui satisfont
           le masque seront aussi identifiées par leur offset (en octets). À noter que cela
           modifie la valeur de <code class="parameter">matches</code> qui devient un
           tableau dont chaque élément est un tableau contenant la chaîne
           correspondant au masque à l&#039;offset <code class="literal">0</code> ainsi
           que l&#039;offset de la chaîne dans <code class="parameter">subject</code>
           à l&#039;offset <code class="literal">1</code>.
           <div class="informalexample">
            <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'/(foo)(bar)(baz)/'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'foobarbaz'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
            </div>

            <p class="para">L&#039;exemple ci-dessus va afficher :</p>
            <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive parameterscode"><pre class="parameterscode">Array
(
    [0] =&gt; Array
        (
            [0] =&gt; foobarbaz
            [1] =&gt; 0
        )

    [1] =&gt; Array
        (
            [0] =&gt; foo
            [1] =&gt; 0
        )

    [2] =&gt; Array
        (
            [0] =&gt; bar
            [1] =&gt; 3
        )

    [3] =&gt; Array
        (
            [0] =&gt; baz
            [1] =&gt; 6
        )

)</pre>
</div>
            </div>
           </div>
          </p>
         </dd>
        
        
         <dt><strong><code><a href="pcre.constants.php#constant.preg-unmatched-as-null">PREG_UNMATCHED_AS_NULL</a></code></strong></dt>
         <dd>
          <p class="para">
           Si ce drapeau est passé, les sous-masques non satisfaits sont rapportés en tant que <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.null">null</a></code></strong> ;
           sinon ils sont rapportés en tant que <a href="language.types.string.php" class="link">chaîne de caractères</a> vide.
           <div class="informalexample">
            <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'/(a)(b)*(c)/'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'ac'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'/(a)(b)*(c)/'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'ac'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">PREG_UNMATCHED_AS_NULL</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
            </div>

            <p class="para">L&#039;exemple ci-dessus va afficher :</p>
            <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive parameterscode"><pre class="parameterscode">array(4) {
  [0]=&gt;
  string(2) &quot;ac&quot;
  [1]=&gt;
  string(1) &quot;a&quot;
  [2]=&gt;
  string(0) &quot;&quot;
  [3]=&gt;
  string(1) &quot;c&quot;
}
array(4) {
  [0]=&gt;
  string(2) &quot;ac&quot;
  [1]=&gt;
  string(1) &quot;a&quot;
  [2]=&gt;
  NULL
  [3]=&gt;
  string(1) &quot;c&quot;
}</pre>
</div>
            </div>
           </div>
          </p>
         </dd>
        
       </dl>
      </p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">offset</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">
       Normalement, la recherche commence au début de la chaîne 
       <code class="parameter">subject</code>. Le paramètre optionnel
       <code class="parameter">offset</code> peut être utilisé pour spécifier
       une position pour le début de la recherche (en octets).
      </p>
      <blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Note</strong>: 
       <p class="para">
        Utiliser le paramètre <code class="parameter">offset</code> ne revient pas
        à passer <code class="code">substr($subject, $offset)</code> à
        <span class="function"><strong>preg_match()</strong></span> à la place de la chaîne
        <code class="parameter">subject</code>, car
        <code class="parameter">pattern</code> peut contenir des assertions comme
        <em>^</em>, <em>$</em> ou
        <em>(?&lt;=x)</em>.
        Comparez :
        <div class="informalexample">
         <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />$subject </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"abcdef"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pattern </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'/^def/'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pattern</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$subject</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">3</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
         </div>

         <p class="para">L&#039;exemple ci-dessus va afficher :</p>
         <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive cdata"><pre>
Array
(
)
</pre></div>
         </div>
         <p class="para">
          avec cet exemple :
         </p>
         <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />$subject </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"abcdef"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pattern </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'/^def/'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pattern</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">substr</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$subject</span><span style="color: #007700">,</span><span style="color: #0000BB">3</span><span style="color: #007700">), </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
         </div>

         <p class="para">
          produira :
         </p>
         <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive cdata"><pre>
Array
(
    [0] =&gt; Array
        (
            [0] =&gt; def
            [1] =&gt; 0
        )

)
</pre></div>
         </div>
         <p class="para">
          Sinon, pour éviter l&#039;usage de <span class="function"><a href="function.substr.php" class="function">substr()</a></span>, utiliser 
          l&#039;assertion <code class="literal">\G</code> plutôt que l&#039;ancre <code class="literal">^</code>, ou
          le modificateur <code class="literal">A</code>, tous les deux fonctionnent avec le
          paramètre <code class="parameter">offset</code>.
         </p>
        </div>
       </p>
      </p></blockquote>
     </dd>
    
   </dl>
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-returnvalues">
  <h3 class="title">Valeurs de retour</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <span class="function"><strong>preg_match()</strong></span> retourne 1 si le <code class="parameter">pattern</code>
   fourni correspond, 0 s&#039;il ne correspond pas, ou <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong> si une erreur survient.
  </p>
  <div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Avertissement</strong><p class="simpara">
 Cette fonction peut retourner <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong>, mais elle peut aussi retourner une valeur équivalent à <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong>.
 Veuillez lire la section sur les <a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="link">booléens</a> pour plus d&#039;informations.
 Utilisez l&#039;<a href="language.operators.comparison.php" class="link">opérateur ===</a>
 pour tester la valeur de retour exacte de cette fonction.
</p></div>
 </div>

 
 <div class="refsect1 errors" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-errors">
  <h3 class="title">Erreurs / Exceptions</h3>
  <p class="para">
Si le masque regex passé ne compile pas à une regex valide, une <strong><code><a href="errorfunc.constants.php#constant.e-warning">E_WARNING</a></code></strong> est émise.
</p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 changelog" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-changelog">
  <h3 class="title">Historique</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <table class="doctable informaltable">
    
     <thead>
      <tr>
       <th>Version</th>
       <th>Description</th>
      </tr>

     </thead>

     <tbody class="tbody">
      <tr>
       <td>7.2.0</td>
       <td>
        <strong><code><a href="pcre.constants.php#constant.preg-unmatched-as-null">PREG_UNMATCHED_AS_NULL</a></code></strong> est maintenant supporté pour le
        paramètre <code class="parameter">$flags</code>.
       </td>
      </tr>

     </tbody>
    
   </table>

  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-examples">
  <h3 class="title">Exemples</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-1">
    <p><strong>Exemple #1 Trouve la chaîne &quot;php&quot;</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Le "i" après le délimiteur du pattern indique que la recherche ne sera pas sensible à la casse<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"/php/i"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"PHP est le meilleur langage de script du web."</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Un résultat a été trouvé."</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />} else {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Aucun résultat n'a été trouvé."</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-2">
    <p><strong>Exemple #2 Trouve le mot &quot;web&quot;</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* \b, dans le masque, indique une limite de mot, de façon à ce que le mot<br /> "web" uniquement soit repéré, et pas seulement des parties de mots comme<br />  dans "webbing" ou "cobweb" */<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"/\bweb\b/i"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"PHP est le meilleur langage de script du web."</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Le mot a été trouvé."</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />} else {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Le mot n'a pas été trouvé."</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /><br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br />if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">"/\bweb\b/i"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"PHP est le meilleur langage de script du website."</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Le mot a été trouvé."</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />} else {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Le mot n'a pas été trouvé."</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-3">
    <p><strong>Exemple #3 Lire un nom de domaine dans une URL</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// repérer le nom de l'hôte dans l'URL<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'@^(?:http://)?([^/]+)@i'</span><span style="color: #007700">,<br />    </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"http://www.php.net/index.html"</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$host </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">];<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// repérer les deux derniers segments du nom de l'hôte<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'/[^.]+\.[^.]+$/'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$host</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"Le nom de domaine est : </span><span style="color: #007700">{</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #0000BB">0</span><span style="color: #007700">]}</span><span style="color: #DD0000">\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

    <div class="example-contents"><p>L&#039;exemple ci-dessus va afficher :</p></div>
    <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive examplescode"><pre class="examplescode">Le nom de domaine est : php.net</pre>
</div>
    </div>
   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-4">
    <p><strong>Exemple #4 Utilisation des sous-masques nommés</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /><br />$str </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'foobar: 2008'</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">preg_match</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'/(?P&lt;name&gt;\w+): (?P&lt;digit&gt;\d+)/'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$str</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* Alternative */<br />// preg_match('/(?&lt;name&gt;\w+): (?&lt;digit&gt;\d+)/', $str, $matches);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">print_r</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$matches</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

    <div class="example-contents"><p>L&#039;exemple ci-dessus va afficher :</p></div>
    <div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="annotation-interactive examplescode"><pre class="examplescode">Array
(
    [0] =&gt; foobar: 2008
    [name] =&gt; foobar
    [1] =&gt; foobar
    [digit] =&gt; 2008
    [2] =&gt; 2008
)</pre>
</div>
    </div>
   </div>
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-notes">
  <h3 class="title">Notes</h3>
  <div class="tip"><strong class="tip">Astuce</strong>
   <p class="para">
    Ne pas utiliser <span class="function"><strong>preg_match()</strong></span> pour uniquement
    savoir si une chaîne est contenue dans une autre.
    Utiliser <span class="function"><a href="function.strpos.php" class="function">strpos()</a></span> à la place car ça sera plus rapide.
   </p>
  </div>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.preg-match-seealso">
  <h3 class="title">Voir aussi</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <ul class="simplelist">
    <li><a href="pcre.pattern.php" class="link">Masques PCRE</a></li>
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.preg-quote.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">preg_quote()</a> - Protection des caract&egrave;res sp&eacute;ciaux des expressions r&eacute;guli&egrave;res</span></li>
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.preg-match-all.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">preg_match_all()</a> - Expression rationnelle globale</span></li>
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.preg-replace.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">preg_replace()</a> - Rechercher et remplacer par expression rationnelle standard</span></li>
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.preg-split.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">preg_split()</a> - &Eacute;clate une cha&icirc;ne par expression rationnelle</span></li>
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.preg-last-error.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">preg_last_error()</a> - Retourne le code erreur de la derni&egrave;re expression PCRE ex&eacute;cut&eacute;e</span></li>
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.preg-last-error-msg.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">preg_last_error_msg()</a> - Renvoie le message d'erreur de la derni&egrave;re ex&eacute;cution de regex PCRE</span></li>
   </ul>
  </p>
 </div>


</div><?php manual_footer($setup); ?>