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?>
<div id="language.types.boolean" class="sect1">
 <h2 class="title">Booléen</h2>

 <p class="simpara">
  Le type <span class="type"><a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="type bool">bool</a></span> ne possède que deux valeurs, et est utilisé pour
  exprimer une valeur de vérité. Il peut être soit <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.true">true</a></code></strong> soit <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong>.
 </p>

 <div class="sect2" id="language.types.boolean.syntax">
  <h3 class="title">Syntaxe</h3>
  <p class="para">
   Pour spécifier un <a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="link">booléen</a> littéral, utiliser la constante <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.true">true</a></code></strong> ou
   <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong>. Les deux sont insensibles à la casse.
  </p>

  <div class="informalexample">
   <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />$foo </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">true</span><span style="color: #007700">; </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// assigne la valeur TRUE à $foo<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
   </div>

  </div>

  <p class="para">
   Typiquement, le résultat d&#039;un <a href="language.operators.php" class="link">opérateur</a>
   qui retourne un <a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="link">booléen</a>, passé ensuite à une
   <a href="language.control-structures.php" class="link">structure de contrôle</a>.
  </p>

  <div class="informalexample">
   <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />$action </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"show_version"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$show_separators </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">true</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// == est un opérateur qui teste<br />// l'égalité et retourne un booléen<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$action </span><span style="color: #007700">== </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"show_version"</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"La version est 1.23"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// ceci n'est pas nécessaire...<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$show_separators </span><span style="color: #007700">== </span><span style="color: #0000BB">TRUE</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;hr&gt;\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// ...à la place, vous pouvez utiliser, avec la même signification :<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$show_separators</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;hr&gt;\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
   </div>

  </div>
 </div>

 <div class="sect2" id="language.types.boolean.casting">
  <h3 class="title">Conversion en booléen</h3>

  <p class="simpara">
  Pour convertir explicitement une valeur en <span class="type"><a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="type bool">bool</a></span>, utiliser
  le cast <code class="literal">(bool)</code>. Généralement, cela n&#039;est pas nécessaire
  car lorsqu&#039;une valeur est utilisée dans un contexte logique, elle sera
  automatiquement interprétée comme une valeur de type <span class="type"><a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="type bool">bool</a></span>.
  Pour plus d&#039;informations, voir la page
  <a href="language.types.type-juggling.php" class="link">Type Juggling</a>.
  </p>

  <p class="para">
   Lors d&#039;une conversion en <a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="link">booléen</a>, les valeurs suivantes sont
   considérées comme <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong> :
  </p>
  
  <ul class="itemizedlist">
   <li class="listitem">
    <span class="simpara">
     le <a href="language.types.boolean.php" class="link">booléen</a> <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong>, lui-même
    </span>
   </li>
   <li class="listitem">
    <span class="simpara">
     l&#039;<a href="language.types.integer.php" class="link">entier</a> 
     <code class="literal">0</code> (zéro)
    </span>
   </li>
   <li class="listitem">
    <span class="simpara">
     les <a href="language.types.float.php" class="link">nombres à virgule flottante</a>
     <code class="literal">0.0</code> et <code class="literal">-0.0</code> (zéro)
    </span>
   </li>
   <li class="listitem">
    <span class="simpara">
     la <a href="language.types.string.php" class="link">chaîne</a> vide <code class="literal">&quot;&quot;</code>,
     et la <a href="language.types.string.php" class="link">chaîne</a> <code class="literal">&quot;0&quot;</code>
    </span>
   </li>
   <li class="listitem">
    <span class="simpara">
     un <a href="language.types.array.php" class="link">tableau</a> avec aucun élément
    </span>
   </li>
   <li class="listitem">
    <span class="simpara">
     le type unité <a href="language.types.null.php" class="link">NULL</a> (incluant
     les variables non définies)
    </span>
   </li>
   <li class="listitem">
    <span class="simpara">
     les objets internes qui surchargent leur comportement de casting en booléen.
     Par exemple : les <a href="ref.simplexml.php" class="link">objets SimpleXML</a> créés à
     partir d&#039;éléments vides sans attributs, ou les objets
     <span class="classname"><a href="class.gmp.php" class="classname">GMP</a></span> représentant la valeur
     <code class="literal">0</code>.
    </span>
   </li>
  </ul>

  <p class="para">
   Toutes les autres valeurs sont considérées comme <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.true">true</a></code></strong> (y compris les
   <a href="language.types.resource.php" class="link">ressources</a> et <strong><code><a href="math.constants.php#constant.nan">NAN</a></code></strong>).
  </p>

  <div class="warning"><strong class="warning">Avertissement</strong>
   <p class="simpara">
    <code class="literal">-1</code> est considéré comme <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.true">true</a></code></strong>, comme tous les nombres
    différents de zéro (négatifs ou positifs) !
   </p>
  </div>

  <div class="example" id="example-1">
   <p><strong>Exemple #1 Conversion en booléen</strong></p>
   <div class="example-contents">
<div class="annotation-interactive phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br />var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) </span><span style="color: #DD0000">""</span><span style="color: #007700">);        </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(false)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"0"</span><span style="color: #007700">);       </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(false)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">);         </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(true)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) -</span><span style="color: #0000BB">2</span><span style="color: #007700">);        </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(true)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"foo"</span><span style="color: #007700">);     </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(true)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) </span><span style="color: #0000BB">2.3e5</span><span style="color: #007700">);     </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(true)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) array(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">12</span><span style="color: #007700">)); </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(true)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) array());   </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(false)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">var_dump</span><span style="color: #007700">((bool) </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"false"</span><span style="color: #007700">);   </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// bool(true)<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
   </div>

  </div>

 </div>
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