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<div id="function.oci-pconnect" class="refentry">
 <div class="refnamediv">
  <h1 class="refname">oci_pconnect</h1>
  <p class="verinfo">(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL OCI8 &gt;= 1.1.0)</p><p class="refpurpose"><span class="refname">oci_pconnect</span> &mdash; <span class="dc-title">Connect to an Oracle database using a persistent connection</span></p>

 </div>
 
 <div class="refsect1 description" id="refsect1-function.oci-pconnect-description">
  <h3 class="title">Descrizione</h3>
  <div class="methodsynopsis dc-description">
   <span class="methodname"><strong>oci_pconnect</strong></span>(<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span> <code class="parameter">$username</code></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span> <code class="parameter">$password</code></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.null.php" class="type null">?</a></span><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span></span> <code class="parameter">$connection_string</code><span class="initializer"> = <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.null">null</a></code></strong></span></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.string.php" class="type string">string</a></span> <code class="parameter">$encoding</code><span class="initializer"> = &quot;&quot;</span></span>,<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="methodparam"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.integer.php" class="type int">int</a></span> <code class="parameter">$session_mode</code><span class="initializer"> = <strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-default">OCI_DEFAULT</a></code></strong></span></span><br>): <span class="type"><span class="type"><a href="language.types.resource.php" class="type resource">resource</a></span>|<span class="type"><a href="language.types.singleton.php" class="type false">false</a></span></span></div>

  <p class="para rdfs-comment">
   Creates a persistent connection to an Oracle server and logs on. 
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   Persistent connections are cached and re-used between requests, resulting in
   reduced overhead on each page load; a typical PHP application will have a
   single persistent connection open against an Oracle server per Apache child
   process (or PHP FPM process). See the <a href="oci8.connection.php" class="link">OCI8
   Connection Handling and Connection Pooling</a> section for more
   information.
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 parameters" id="refsect1-function.oci-pconnect-parameters">
  <h3 class="title">Elenco dei parametri</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <dl>
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">username</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">
       The Oracle user name.
      </p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">password</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">
       The password for <code class="parameter">username</code>.
      </p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">connection_string</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">Contiene
l&#039;<code class="literal">istanza Oracle</code> a cui collegarsi. Può essere
una <a href="https://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=dblatest&id=GUID-E5358DEA-D619-4B7B-A799-3D2F802500F1" class="link external">&raquo;&nbsp;stringa Easy
Connect</a>, oppure un Connect Name dal
file <var class="filename">tnsnames.ora</var>, o il nome di una
istanza Oracle locale.
</p>
<p class="para">Se non è specificato, PHP usa
le variabili d&#039;ambiente come <strong><code>TWO_TASK</code></strong> (su Linux)
o <strong><code>LOCAL</code></strong> (su Windows)
e <strong><code>ORACLE_SID</code></strong> per determinare
l&#039;<code class="literal">istanza Oracle</code> a cui collegarsi.
</p>
<p class="para">
Per utilizzare il metodo Easy Connect, PHP deve essere linkato con le librerie Client di Oracle
10g o successivi. La stringa Easy Connect per Oracle
10g ha la forma:
<em>[//]host_name[:port][/service_name]</em>. Con Oracle
11g, ha la forma:
<em>[//]host_name[:port][/service_name][:server_type][/instance_name]</em>.
I nomi dei servizi possono essere trovati eseguendo l&#039;applicazione
di Oracle <code class="literal">lsnrctl status</code> sul server contenente il
database.
</p>
<p class="para">
Il file <var class="filename">tnsnames.ora</var> può essere nel percorso di ricerca
Oracle Net, che
include <var class="filename">$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin</var>
e <var class="filename">/etc</var>. In alternativa
si imposti <code class="literal">TNS_ADMIN</code> in modo
che <var class="filename">$TNS_ADMIN/tnsnames.ora</var> sia letto. Assicurarsi
che il dameon web abbia accesso in lettura al file.
</p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">encoding</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">Determina
il set di caratteri utilizzato dalle librerie Client di Oracle. Non è necessario
che il set di caratteri corrisponda a quello usato dal database. Se
non corrisponde, Oracle fara il suo meglio per convertire i dati da e verso
il set di caratteri del database. A seconda del set di caratteri, ciò potrebbe
dare risultati non utilizzabili. La conversione inoltre inecessita di tempo aggiuntivo.
</p>
<p class="para">Se non specificato, le
librerie Client di Oracle determinano un set di caratteri dalla
variabile d&#039;ambiente <strong><code>NLS_LANG</code></strong>.
</p>
<p class="para">Fornire questo parametro può
ridurre il tempo di connessione.
</p>
     </dd>
    
    
     <dt><code class="parameter">session_mode</code></dt>
     <dd>
      <p class="para">Questo
parametro è disponibile da PHP 5 (PECL OCI8 1.1) e accetta i
seguenti valori: <strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-default">OCI_DEFAULT</a></code></strong>,
<strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-sysoper">OCI_SYSOPER</a></code></strong> e <strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-sysdba">OCI_SYSDBA</a></code></strong>.
Se <strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-sysoper">OCI_SYSOPER</a></code></strong> o
<strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-sysdba">OCI_SYSDBA</a></code></strong> sono specificate, questa funzione tenta
di creare connessioni privilegiate usando delle credenziali esterne.
Le connessioni privilegiate sono disabilitate per default. Per abilitarle
occorre impostare <a href="oci8.configuration.php#ini.oci8.privileged-connect" class="link">oci8.privileged_connect</a>
a <code class="literal">On</code>.
</p>
<p class="para">
PHP 5.3 (PECL OCI8 1.3.4) ha introdotto il
valore <strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-cred-ext">OCI_CRED_EXT</a></code></strong>. Questo dice ad Oracle di usare
l&#039;autenticazione esterna o del Sistema Operativo, che deve essere configurata nel
database. Il flag <strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-cred-ext">OCI_CRED_EXT</a></code></strong> può essere usato solo con
username &quot;/&quot; e una password vuota.
<a href="oci8.configuration.php#ini.oci8.privileged-connect" class="link">oci8.privileged_connect</a>
può essere <code class="literal">On</code> oppure <code class="literal">Off</code>.
</p>
<p class="para">
<strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-cred-ext">OCI_CRED_EXT</a></code></strong> può essere combinato ai modi
<strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-sysoper">OCI_SYSOPER</a></code></strong> o
<strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-sysdba">OCI_SYSDBA</a></code></strong>.
</p>
<p class="para">
<strong><code><a href="oci8.constants.php#constant.oci-cred-ext">OCI_CRED_EXT</a></code></strong> non è ammessa su Windows per
ragioni di sicurezza.
</p>
     </dd>
    
   </dl>
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 returnvalues" id="refsect1-function.oci-pconnect-returnvalues">
  <h3 class="title">Valori restituiti</h3>
  <p class="para">
   Returns a connection identifier or <strong><code><a href="reserved.constants.php#constant.false">false</a></code></strong> on error.
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 examples" id="refsect1-function.oci-pconnect-examples">
  <h3 class="title">Esempi</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-1">
    <p><strong>Example #1 Basic <span class="function"><strong>oci_pconnect()</strong></span> Example using Easy Connect syntax</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// Connects to the XE service (i.e. database) on the "localhost" machine<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$conn </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">oci_pconnect</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'hr'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'welcome'</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'localhost/XE'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$conn</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />    </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$e </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">oci_error</span><span style="color: #007700">();<br />    </span><span style="color: #0000BB">trigger_error</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">htmlentities</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$e</span><span style="color: #007700">[</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'message'</span><span style="color: #007700">], </span><span style="color: #0000BB">ENT_QUOTES</span><span style="color: #007700">), </span><span style="color: #0000BB">E_USER_ERROR</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$stid </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">oci_parse</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$conn</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'SELECT * FROM employees'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">oci_execute</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$stid</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br /><br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;table border='1'&gt;\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />while (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">oci_fetch_array</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$stid</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">OCI_ASSOC</span><span style="color: #007700">+</span><span style="color: #0000BB">OCI_RETURN_NULLS</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;tr&gt;\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    foreach (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$row </span><span style="color: #007700">as </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$item</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />        echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"    &lt;td&gt;" </span><span style="color: #007700">. (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$item </span><span style="color: #007700">!== </span><span style="color: #0000BB">null </span><span style="color: #007700">? </span><span style="color: #0000BB">htmlentities</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$item</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">ENT_QUOTES</span><span style="color: #007700">) : </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&amp;nbsp;"</span><span style="color: #007700">) . </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;/td&gt;\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    }<br />    echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;/tr&gt;\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />}<br />echo </span><span style="color: #DD0000">"&lt;/table&gt;\n"</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
    See <span class="function"><a href="function.oci-connect.php" class="function">oci_connect()</a></span> for further examples of parameter usage.
  </p>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 notes" id="refsect1-function.oci-pconnect-notes">
  <h3 class="title">Note</h3>
  <blockquote class="note"><p><strong class="note">Nota</strong>: 
   <span class="simpara">
    The lifetime and
    maximum number of persistent Oracle connections per PHP process can be tuned by setting
    the following configuration values: <a href="oci8.configuration.php#ini.oci8.persistent-timeout" class="link">oci8.persistent_timeout</a>,
    <a href="oci8.configuration.php#ini.oci8.ping-interval" class="link">oci8.ping_interval</a> and
    <a href="oci8.configuration.php#ini.oci8.max-persistent" class="link">oci8.max_persistent</a>.
   </span>
  </p></blockquote>
 </div>


 <div class="refsect1 seealso" id="refsect1-function.oci-pconnect-seealso">
  <h3 class="title">Vedere anche:</h3>
  <p class="para">
   <ul class="simplelist">
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.oci-connect.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">oci_connect()</a> - Connect to an Oracle database</span></li>
    <li><span class="function"><a href="function.oci-new-connect.php" class="function" rel="rdfs-seeAlso">oci_new_connect()</a> - Connect to the Oracle server using a unique connection</span></li>
   </ul>
  </p>
 </div>


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