create_function

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7)

create_function — Create a function dynamically by evaluating a string of code

Увага

Ця функція ЗАСТАРІЛА, починаючи з PHP 7.2.0, та ВИЛУЧЕНА в PHP 8.0.0. Вкрай не рекомендується на неї покладатися.

Опис

create_function(string $args, string $code): string

Creates a function dynamically from the parameters passed, and returns a unique name for it.

Застереження

This function internally performs an eval() and as such has the same security issues as eval(). It also has bad performance and memory usage characteristics, because the created functions are global and can not be freed.

A native anonymous function should be used instead.

Параметри

It is normally advisable to pass these parameters as single quoted strings. If using double quoted strings, variable names in the code need to be escaped carefully, e.g. \$somevar.

args: The function arguments, as a single comma-separated string.
code: The function code.

Значення, що повертаються

Returns a unique function name as a string, або false в разі помилки. Note that the name contains a non-printable character ("\0"), so care should be taken when printing the name or incorporating it in any other string.

Приклади

Приклад #1 Creating a function dynamically, with create_function() or anonymous functions

You can use a dynamically created function, to (for example) create a function from information gathered at run time. First, using create_function():

<?php
$newfunc = create_function('$a,$b', 'return "ln($a) + ln($b) = " . log($a * $b);');
echo $newfunc(2, M_E) . "\n";
?>

Now the same code, using an anonymous function; note that the code and arguments are no longer contained in strings:

<?php
$newfunc = function($a,$b) { return "ln($a) + ln($b) = " . log($a * $b); };
echo $newfunc(2, M_E) . "\n";
?>

Поданий вище приклад виведе:

ln(2) + ln(2.718281828459) = 1.6931471805599

Приклад #2 Making a general processing function, with create_function() or anonymous functions

Another use could be to have general handler function that can apply a set of operations to a list of parameters:

<?php
function process($var1, $var2, $farr)
{
    foreach ($farr as $f) {
        echo $f($var1, $var2) . "\n";
    }
}

// create a bunch of math functions
$farr = array(
    create_function('$x,$y', 'return "some trig: ".(sin($x) + $x*cos($y));'),
    create_function('$x,$y', 'return "a hypotenuse: ".sqrt($x*$x + $y*$y);'),
    create_function('$a,$b', 'if ($a >=0) {return "b*a^2 = ".$b*sqrt($a);} else {return false;}'),
    create_function('$a,$b', "return \"min(b^2+a, a^2,b) = \".min(\$a*\$a+\$b,\$b*\$b+\$a);"),
    create_function('$a,$b', 'if ($a > 0 && $b != 0) {return "ln(a)/b = ".log($a)/$b; } else { return false; }')
);

echo "\nUsing the first array of dynamic functions\n";
echo "parameters: 2.3445, M_PI\n";
process(2.3445, M_PI, $farr);

// now make a bunch of string processing functions
$garr = array(
    create_function('$b,$a', 'if (strncmp($a, $b, 3) == 0) return "** \"$a\" '.
        'and \"$b\"\n** Look the same to me! (looking at the first 3 chars)";'),
    create_function('$a,$b', 'return "CRCs: " . crc32($a) . ", ".crc32($b);'),
    create_function('$a,$b', 'return "similar(a,b) = " . similar_text($a, $b, $p) . "($p%)";')
);
echo "\nUsing the second array of dynamic functions\n";
process("Twas brilling and the slithy toves", "Twas the night", $garr);
?>

Again, here is the same code using anonymous functions. Note that variable names in the code no longer need to be escaped, because they are not enclosed in a string.

<?php
function process($var1, $var2, $farr)
{
    foreach ($farr as $f) {
        echo $f($var1, $var2) . "\n";
    }
}

// create a bunch of math functions
$farr = array(
    function($x,$y) { return "some trig: ".(sin($x) + $x*cos($y)); },
    function($x,$y) { return "a hypotenuse: ".sqrt($x*$x + $y*$y); },
    function($a,$b) { if ($a >=0) {return "b*a^2 = ".$b*sqrt($a);} else {return false;} },
    function($a,$b) { return "min(b^2+a, a^2,b) = " . min($a*$a+$b, $b*$b+$a); },
    function($a,$b) { if ($a > 0 && $b != 0) {return "ln(a)/b = ".log($a)/$b; } else { return false; } }
);

echo "\nUsing the first array of dynamic functions\n";
echo "parameters: 2.3445, M_PI\n";
process(2.3445, M_PI, $farr);

// now make a bunch of string processing functions
$garr = array(
    function($b,$a) { if (strncmp($a, $b, 3) == 0) return "** \"$a\" " .
        "and \"$b\"\n** Look the same to me! (looking at the first 3 chars)"; },
    function($a,$b) { return "CRCs: " . crc32($a) . ", ".crc32($b); },
    function($a,$b) { return "similar(a,b) = " . similar_text($a, $b, $p) . "($p%)"; }
);
echo "\nUsing the second array of dynamic functions\n";
process("Twas brilling and the slithy toves", "Twas the night", $garr);
?>

Поданий вище приклад виведе:

Using the first array of dynamic functions
parameters: 2.3445, M_PI
some trig: -1.6291725057799
a hypotenuse: 3.9199852871011
b*a^2 = 4.8103313314525
min(b^2+a, a^2,b) = 8.6382729035898
ln(a)/b = 0.27122299212594

Using the second array of dynamic functions
** "Twas the night" and "Twas brilling and the slithy toves"
** Look the same to me! (looking at the first 3 chars)
CRCs: 3569586014, 342550513
similar(a,b) = 11(45.833333333333%)

Приклад #3 Using dynamic functions as callback functions

Perhaps the most common use for dynamic functions is to pass them as callbacks, for example when using array_walk() or usort().

<?php
$av = array("the ", "a ", "that ", "this ");
array_walk($av, create_function('&$v,$k', '$v = $v . "mango";'));
print_r($av);
?>

Converted to an anonymous function:

<?php
$av = array("the ", "a ", "that ", "this ");
array_walk($av, function(&$v,$k) { $v = $v . "mango"; });
print_r($av);
?>

Поданий вище приклад виведе:

Array
(
  [0] => the mango
  [1] => a mango
  [2] => that mango
  [3] => this mango
)

Sorting strings from longest to shortest with create_function():

<?php
$sv = array("small", "a big string", "larger", "it is a string thing");
echo "Original:\n";
print_r($sv);
echo "Sorted:\n";
usort($sv, create_function('$a,$b','return strlen($b) - strlen($a);'));
print_r($sv);
?>

Converted to an anonymous function:

<?php
$sv = array("small", "a big string", "larger", "it is a string thing");
echo "Original:\n";
print_r($sv);
echo "Sorted:\n";
usort($sv, function($a,$b) { return strlen($b) - strlen($a); });
print_r($sv);
?>

Поданий вище приклад виведе:

Original:
Array
(
  [0] => small
  [1] => a big string
  [2] => larger
  [3] => it is a string thing
)
Sorted:
Array
(
  [0] => it is a string thing
  [1] => a big string
  [2] => larger
  [3] => small
)

Прогляньте також

Anonymous functions