<?php
include_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/include/shared-manual.inc';
$TOC = array();
$TOC_DEPRECATED = array();
$PARENTS = array();
include_once dirname(__FILE__) ."/toc/language.generators.inc";
$setup = array (
  'home' => 
  array (
    0 => 'index.php',
    1 => 'PHP Manual',
  ),
  'head' => 
  array (
    0 => 'UTF-8',
    1 => 'zh',
  ),
  'this' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.generators.comparison.php',
    1 => '生成器与 Iterator 对象的比较',
    2 => '生成器与 Iterator 对象的比较',
  ),
  'up' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.generators.php',
    1 => '生成器',
  ),
  'prev' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.generators.syntax.php',
    1 => '生成器语法',
  ),
  'next' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.attributes.php',
    1 => '注解',
  ),
  'alternatives' => 
  array (
  ),
  'source' => 
  array (
    'lang' => 'zh',
    'path' => 'language/generators.xml',
  ),
  'history' => 
  array (
  ),
);
$setup["toc"] = $TOC;
$setup["toc_deprecated"] = $TOC_DEPRECATED;
$setup["parents"] = $PARENTS;
manual_setup($setup);

contributors($setup);

?>
<div id="language.generators.comparison" class="sect1">
  <h2 class="title">生成器与 <span class="classname"><a href="class.iterator.php" class="classname">Iterator</a></span> 对象的比较</h2>
  
  <p class="para">
  生成器最主要的优点是简洁。和实现一个 <span class="classname"><a href="class.iterator.php" class="classname">Iterator</a></span> 类相较而言，
  同样的功能，用生成器可以编写更少的代码，可读性也更强。
  举例，下面的类和函数是相等的：
  </p>
  
  <div class="informalexample">
   <div class="example-contents">
<div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">getLinesFromFile</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileName</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />    if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileHandle </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fopen</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileName</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'r'</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br />        return;<br />    }<br /><br />    while (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">false </span><span style="color: #007700">!== </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$line </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fgets</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileHandle</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br />        yield </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$line</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    }<br /><br />    </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fclose</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileHandle</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />}<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #FF8000">// 比较下...<br /><br /></span><span style="color: #007700">class </span><span style="color: #0000BB">LineIterator </span><span style="color: #007700">implements </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Iterator </span><span style="color: #007700">{<br />    protected </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileHandle</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br />    protected </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$line</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    protected </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$i</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br />    public function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">__construct</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileName</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />        if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">fileHandle </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fopen</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileName</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'r'</span><span style="color: #007700">)) {<br />            throw new </span><span style="color: #0000BB">RuntimeException</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'Couldn\'t open file "' </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$fileName </span><span style="color: #007700">. </span><span style="color: #DD0000">'"'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />        }<br />    }<br /><br />    public function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">rewind</span><span style="color: #007700">() {<br />        </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fseek</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">fileHandle</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">0</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />        </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">line </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fgets</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">fileHandle</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />        </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">i </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">0</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    }<br /><br />    public function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">valid</span><span style="color: #007700">() {<br />        return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">false </span><span style="color: #007700">!== </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">line</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    }<br /><br />    public function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">current</span><span style="color: #007700">() {<br />        return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">line</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    }<br /><br />    public function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">key</span><span style="color: #007700">() {<br />        return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">i</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />    }<br /><br />    public function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">next</span><span style="color: #007700">() {<br />        if (</span><span style="color: #0000BB">false </span><span style="color: #007700">!== </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">line</span><span style="color: #007700">) {<br />            </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">line </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fgets</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">fileHandle</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />            </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">i</span><span style="color: #007700">++;<br />        }<br />    }<br /><br />    public function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">__destruct</span><span style="color: #007700">() {<br />        </span><span style="color: #0000BB">fclose</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$this</span><span style="color: #007700">-&gt;</span><span style="color: #0000BB">fileHandle</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />    }<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
   </div>

  </div>
  
  <p class="para">
   不过，这也付出了灵活性的代价：
   生成器是一个只能向前的迭代器，一旦开始遍历就无法后退。
   意思也就是说，同样的生成器无法遍历多次：要么再次调用生成器函数，重新生成后再遍历。
  </p>

  <div class="simplesect">
   <h3 class="title">参见</h3>
   <p class="para">
    <ul class="simplelist">
     <li><a href="language.oop5.iterations.php" class="link">遍历对象</a></li>
    </ul>
   </p>
  </div>

 </div><?php manual_footer($setup); ?>